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you ever noticed what happens when someone comes with a baby to a room full of ladies? In my experience, it is likely that most of them come out the baby with smiling faces and children doing little voices. And I wonder, what's the baby captures?. Research the middle of last century and spoke of babies aged six months and can discriminate and recognize facial expressions. For example, at this age babies can discriminate between expressions of happiness and anger or neutral expressions. More recently, in a classic study of 1981, Maria Barrera and Daphne Maurer of McMaster University in Canada, showed even babies three months and can discriminate between expressions of happiness and sadness, if the face is that of her mother .

Well, recently a research group composed of Japanese and Australian Emi Nakato, Yumiko Otsuka, So Kanazawa, Masami Yamaguchi and Ryusuke Kakigi, explored the brain bases of these abilities in infants 6 to 7 months old, recently published their findings in the journal NeuroImage. To do this they used a different technique for functional MRI or positron emission tomography, which is called near infrared spectroscopy (near-infrared spectroscopy). To not go into detail about this technique I will mention that, like functional magnetic resonance imaging, this technique measures the amount of oxygen in hemoglobin, so it is also based on the assumption Hemodynamic changes involve changes in brain neural activity in specific regions.

Example of sensors placed on the skin of babies. Although it looks bulky in reality it is not painful, only slightly stick to the skin.

Using this technique the authors demonstrated that there is a different pattern of hemodynamic responses to happy faces and angry faces in the superior temporal sulcus area. In other words, these authors identified a region of the brain of these babies responded differently to happy faces, which to angry faces. They even found that the area of \u200b\u200bthe right lobe was activated more with angry faces, whereas the left hemisphere did more with the happy faces, suggesting a lateralization of emotional information processing of faces.

So that could serve these findings? Well, apart from enriching our understanding of the basic functioning of the brain, these studies could form the basis for such early diagnosis of autism in children, since it is known that children with autism have difficulty recognizing faces.